The pneumatic tire or air-filled tire consists of a core filled with airtight sealed pressurized air. Typically, a tread made with reinforced steel belting or other type of materials, provides the contact area with the road and seals this inner core.
Since the pressure of the air in the tire is more than atmospheric air pressure, the tire remains inflated even with the weight of the vehicle resting on it. The air pressure in the tire provides resistance against forces that try to deform the tire. This gives the tire a slight degree of a cushioning effect as the tire hits bumps in the road. If you have ever taken a ride in an old-fashioned carriage that had wooden wheels, you know how huge of a difference a set of pneumatic tires can make.
Surely, there are several disadvantages to pneumatic tires. For instance in highly dangerous applications or high-performance situations, these tires could suffer a puncture and this will lead to a complete failure. The consequence of a blowout at high speeds could lead to a dangerous car crash. Military planners must consider tires getting blown out by shooting of guns or explosion shrapnel. The worst nightmare of a vehicle crew is becoming trapped in a fire zone because of all of their tires becoming flat. Airless tires evidently don't suffer from these issues and hence, in certain applications, could be more suitable.
The pneumatic tire may have problems as well with the variation in tire performance and air pressure. The lower pressure in a tire may increase the comfort level and the traction. This is due to the fact that tires flatten a little and more tread is touching the road. The air pressure in the tire works to maintain the lateral stiffness of the tire as well as maintain the "up and down" stiffness. Therefore, less air pressure allows the sidewalls of the tires to flex. Unfortunately, this results in poor handling. In an airless tire, the stiffness in those two dimensions is independent.
Air pressure factors into other issues too. When it comes to maintaining proper air pressure, consumers are notoriously undependable. Incorrect air pressure in tires can lead to really dangerous situations. It is important to note that pneumatic tires are also prone to temperature changes, that can be responsible for changing the internal tire pressure. It is really important to take into account the kind of settings you will be needing your machinery to operate in so that you can regularly inspect the tires and keep the machine as safe as possible.